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Application of Nano Titanium Oxide in Perovskite Batteries

As the core material for the electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells, high-purity nano titanium dioxide is a key substrate for next-generation high-efficiency photovoltaic mass production. With excellent energy level alignment, high electron mobility, and a stable porous framework, nano TiO₂ can rapidly extract and transport photogenerated electrons, effectively suppress charge recombination, and significantly enhance the open-circuit voltage and photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite cells, making it the standard preferred material for both laboratory and GW-level mass production lines.

The nanoscale titanium dioxide features uniform particle size, dense film formation, and minimal defects, making it perfectly compatible with large-area fabrication processes such as slot coating and inkjet printing, significantly improving component yield and consistency. After modification and optimization, the material effectively reduces the photocatalytic side effects of ultraviolet light, significantly mitigates perovskite layer aging issues, and enhances long-term device stability and outdoor service life.

Meanwhile, nano TiO₂ is green, non-toxic, cost-effective, and highly compatible with various processes, making it widely applicable in mainstream fields such as rigid single-junction cells, silicon-perovskite tandem cells, flexible photovoltaics, and BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaics) architecture.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are indispensable electron transport materials in perovskite solar cells. Through strategies such as nanostructure engineering (e.g., nanorod arrays), material doping modification (e.g., Zn doping, amino functionalization), and interface layer optimization, researchers have successfully increased the efficiency of perovskite solar cells to over 25% and significantly improved their long-term stability. These advancements are vigorously driving the transition of perovskite solar cells from laboratory research toward large-scale commercial applications.

With the entry of perovskite photovoltaics into the phase of large-scale mass production and rapid expansion, high-performance, highly dispersed, and low-temperature-adapted nano titanium dioxide has become a core essential material for supporting cost reduction and efficiency improvement in photovoltaics, as well as driving the industrialization of next-generation clean energy. The market prospects are vast.

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Nano Tungsten-Doped Vanadium Dioxide (W-VO₂): The Smart Material Revolutionizing Thermal Management

Vanadium dioxide is a typical thermally induced phase transformation functional material and one of the oxide materials with excellent phase transformation characteristics at present. Its core value is entirely dependent on the reversible phase transformation mechanism triggered by temperature, and it is also the basic substrate for various modified materials.

The characteristic parameter of pure vanadium dioxide (VO₂) is the critical phase transition temperature of 68℃, and the temperature remains the same and cannot be adjusted. When the temperature is below 68℃, the material is in an insulating and transparent state, allowing infrared rays to penetrate normally. When the temperature exceeds 68℃, the crystal structure undergoes an instant transformation, changing from an insulating state to a metallic conductive state. After the phase change, the material’s electrical conductivity is significantly enhanced, and it can effectively block infrared heat, achieving an intelligent effect of low-temperature light transmission and high-temperature heat insulation. Low-temperature zone (<68°C): VO₂ behaves as an insulator with a relatively high resistivity, preventing infrared light from passing through. High-temperature zone (>68°C) : VO₂ instantly transforms into a metallic state, with its resistivity plummeting by several orders of magnitude, allowing infrared light to freely pass through. This transformation is not a slow and gradual change, but a “sudden change” completed within nanosecond time. Even more astonishingly, this process is completely reversible – when the temperature drops back, it can return to its insulating state.

In response to the pain points that pure vanadium dioxide cannot undergo phase transformation at room temperature and is difficult to be applied in civilian use, tungsten doping is an excellent modification solution. Tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide is a modified material that introduces trace tungsten atoms into the vanadium dioxide lattice to change its structure. It is also a widely used phase change energy-saving material in the current market.

According to the experimental research data of “Functional Materials” in 2024, for every 1% atomic percentage of tungsten added, the phase transition temperature of vanadium dioxide will decrease by 20 to 25 ℃. This improvement effect addresses the application pain points of primary materials: by adding 2% tungsten, the phase transformation temperature can be precisely regulated to 20-30 ℃, which is suitable for room temperature environments. The phase change response is more sensitive, and a small fluctuation in temperature at room temperature can trigger the switch between light transmission and heat insulation states. • Stronger cycle stability, lower performance degradation after repeated phase changes, and longer service life; It has a wider range of adaptability and can be compatible with the processing of various forms such as glass, films, and target materials.

Nano Tungsten-Doped Vanadium Dioxide Powder: The “Black Tech” Material for Smart Temperature Control

In the field of smart materials, nano tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide (W-doped VO₂) powder is emerging as a “star” in temperature control technology. Modified with tungsten doping, this nanomaterial retains VO₂’s unique metal-insulator phase transition properties while precisely tuning its phase transition temperature to near room temperature, offering revolutionary solutions for scenarios like building energy efficiency and electronic device thermal management.

Its core advantage lies in “intelligent temperature regulation”: pure VO₂ has a phase transition temperature of ~68℃, but tungsten doping lowers it to close to daily ambient temperatures. When temperature exceeds the transition point, the powder abruptly shifts from an insulating state to a metallic state, significantly reducing infrared transmittance (blocking >90% of near-infrared light); below the transition point, it restores high transmittance, enabling passive dynamic regulation of light and heat. This “temperature-responsive” property makes it an ideal additive for energy-saving films and smart windows: automatically blocking heat in summer and allowing sunlight in winter, reducing building air conditioning energy consumption by over 30%.

Additionally, it widely used in smart coatings, infrared camouflage, and 5G base station thermal control. In the future, with optimized nanomaterial preparation technologies, its phase transition precision and stability will further improve, promising applications in flexible electronics and new energy battery thermal management.

From laboratory to industry, nano W-doped VO₂ powder is leveraging “tiny dimensions” to drive “massive energy,” bringing smart temperature control into more daily life scenarios.

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Gama Alumina Used As A Catalyst Carrier

Gamma Alumina, as a catalyst carrier, plays an irreplaceable role in the fields of petrochemical, environmental protection, coal chemical, and fine chemical industries due to its high specific surface area, adjustable pore structure, good thermal stability, and economy. It is a key bridge connecting active components and industrial reactors, and is truly the “mother of industrial catalysts”.

 

Industry wide application scenarios covering energy, environmental protection, and fine chemicals

 

Scenario 1: Petroleum Refining and Hydrogenation System (the world’s largest application track)

More than 60% of catalytic carriers in the refining industry use gamma alumina, which is essential for clean production of diesel and gasoline

  1. Hydrodesulfurization/Denitrification: Load Co Mo and Ni Mo catalysts to deeply remove sulfur and nitrogen impurities from crude oil, reducing the sulfur content of the oil to less than 10ppm and meeting the National VI and Euro VII clean fuel standards;
  2. Hydrocracking: Heavy residual oil is lightened, and high molecular weight heavy oil is cracked into gasoline and diesel raw materials. The conversion rate of raw materials in a single unit can reach 92%;
  3. Catalytic reforming: A dual functional carrier is used to prepare high octane gasoline and aromatic hydrocarbon raw materials, supporting the supply of plastic and chemical fiber basic chemical raw materials.

 

Scenario 2: Three way catalytic converter for automobile exhaust (environmentally friendly and essential track)

The core substrate of the automotive three-way catalyst is loaded with precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which efficiently converts three types of pollutants in exhaust gas: carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. The CO conversion efficiency is 99%, and the NO ₓ purification rate exceeds 97%. The carrier is resistant to high temperature and thermal shock, and maintains the integrity of the pore under high temperature fluctuations during vehicle start and stop. Precious metals are not easy to fail, and it is suitable for exhaust treatment of all categories of passenger cars, trucks, and construction machinery.

 

Scenario 3: Industrial waste gas VOCs, flue gas purification

Factory painting, printing, chemical exhaust catalytic combustion, combined with precious metal catalysts to decompose organic waste gases; The Claus sulfur recovery process in coal chemical and natural gas plants relies on the acidic carrier of high purity gamma alumina to convert hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur, simultaneously achieving standard emissions of exhaust gas and sulfur resource recovery, balancing environmental protection and resource recycling.

 

Scenario 4: Fine Chemicals and Coal Chemical Synthesis

  1. Dehydration of alcohols to produce ethylene and ether, with the carrier acting as an acidic catalyst without the need for additional additives;
  2. Propane dehydrogenation, methanol to olefin, Fischer Tropsch synthesis, stable dispersion of cobalt and iron active components, ensuring stable production of olefins and fuels;
  3. Preparation of synthetic ammonia and formaldehyde as support carriers to enhance reaction stability and reduce the generation of by-products.

 

In the dual carbon era, this carrier balances production efficiency and environmental protection needs, reduces hazardous waste generation, and lowers device energy consumption. With stable and reliable comprehensive performance, it has become an indispensable basic new material for the energy, environmental protection, and chemical industries.

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Unlock Superior Performance with Transparent Nano Silica Aqueous Dispersions

What is nano silica water dispersion?

Nano silica water dispersion is a stable dispersion of nanometer scale silica particles (typically 1–100 nm) uniformly distributed in water, often with surface modifiers or dispersants to prevent aggregation.

 

Composition:

Core: silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles with typical primary particle size <100 nm

Medium: water

Often contains a small amount of stabilizer/dispersant to keep particles from aggregating.

 

Characteristics of transparent nano SiO2 water dispersion: optical clear, highly uniform particle size, good stability, mature batch production process

 

Why it matters:

  1. Improves mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, and hardness when added to coatings, paints, adhesives, concrete, etc.
  2. Enhances UV resistance, thermal stability, and barrier properties.
  3. Used in electronics, optics, biomedical carriers, and as a catalyst support.

 

Typical application fields:  

  1. Chemical mechanical polishing: semiconductor wafer polishing, Metallographic and petrographic grinding and polishing, Optical glass polishing
  2. Coating: Hardening and wear-resistant coating, Antibacterial coating
  3. Plastic and rubber modification
  4. Catalysis and adsorption:  Catalyst carrier, Molecular sieve template, Heavy metal adsorption
  5. Biomedicine: Drug delivery, biological imaging, biological separation, tissue engineering, etc…

 

In today’s competitive coatings and materials market, achieving both high transparency and enhanced durability is a constant challenge. Our Transparent Nano Silica Aqueous Dispersions offer the perfect solution—combining advanced nanotechnology with eco-friendly water-based formulation. With small and adjustable particle sizes below 100nm, our nano SiO2 dispersions can achieve exceptional optical clarity while significantly improving mechanical strength, scratch resistance, and chemical stability. The stable aqueous system prevents agglomeration, allowing easy integration into waterborne paints, UV adhesives, textile finishes, and functional coatings.

 

Key benefits include

  1. High Transparency: Maintains substrate clarity without less haze.
  2. Enhanced Hardness & Wear Resistance: Ideal for protective topcoats and high-traffic surfaces.
  3. Good Compatibility, Eco-Friendly & Safe: Water-based, low VOC, solvent-free.

 

Whether you are developing next-gen architectural coatings, anti-scratch films, or high-performance adhesives, our nano silica dispersions deliver measurable performance upgrades without compromising environmental standards. Partner with us to bring innovation, sustainability, and reliability to your products.

 

Your vision, our nanotechnology—together, creating a clearer future.

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Boron nitride nanosheets: High-end thermal management “core” material, empowering new tracks in the electronics industry

With the rapid iteration of 5G communication, new energy vehicles, and AI servers, the thermal bottleneck caused by high integration and high power consumption is becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional thermal conductive materials can no longer meet the demands of high-end applications. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS), as a graphene-like two-dimensional ceramic material, has emerged as a revolutionary material in the field of high-end thermal management due to its three core advantages: ultra-high thermal conductivity, extreme insulation, and stable temperature resistance, ushering in a new era of thermal management.

 

Core Advantage: Break Through Bottlenecks, Lead in Performance

– High thermal conductivity + superior insulation: In-plane thermal conductivity reaches 150–400 W/(m·K), far surpassing traditional alumina and graphite; while also featuring **>30 kV/mm** ultra-high dielectric strength, perfectly addressing the pain point of “high thermal conductivity without insulation or efficient insulation without thermal conductivity.”.

– Lightweight and flexible + stable and durable: The nanoscale layered structure can be formed into 10–50 μm ultra-thin flexible films that maintain performance even after thousands of bending cycles; -200°C to 800°C thermal stability, resistant to acids and alkalis, with low dielectric loss, suitable for harsh working conditions.

– Easy to process and widely adaptable: It can be combined with materials such as PI and epoxy resin to form heat dissipation films, thermal interface pads, and encapsulation coatings, compatible with multiple scenarios including semiconductors, power batteries, and optical modules.

 

High-end Applications: Precision Implementation, Value Emergence

– New Energy Vehicles: IGBT Modules, Battery Pack Thermal Management, Cooling by 25°C+, Lifespan Extended by 2x, Already Mass-Adopted by BYD and CATL.

– 5G/AI Computing Power: Base station power amplifiers, GPU/CPU packaging, optical module cooling, with 30% reduction in cooling energy consumption, ensuring stable operation of high computing power.

Consumer Electronics/Semiconductors: Mobile phones, heat dissipation films for foldable screens, third-generation semiconductor (SiC/GaN) substrates, achieving a temperature reduction of 5–10°C, aiding in device miniaturization.

 

Market Prospects: A Trillion-Dollar Blue Ocean, the Rise of Domestic Brands

The industry is entering a period of explosive growth: by 2025, the global boron nitride thermal management materials market will exceed 9.4 billion yuan, with China reaching 1.43 billion yuan. It is projected that the global market will surpass 3.8 billion yuan in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of 65%, while domestic penetration will rise to 15%. From a policy perspective, the 14th Five-Year Plan prioritizes support for new materials; on the technological front, domestic high-purity powder self-sufficiency has reached 83.5%, with costs dropping by 40%, breaking overseas monopolies.

From the lab to industrialization, hwnanomaterial boron nitride nanosheets are driving industrial upgrades through material innovation. In this golden era of explosive demand for electronic thermal management, BNNS serves as both a core necessity for high-end thermal solutions and a critical pathway for domestic new materials to overtake global competitors, offering boundless opportunities and a promising future!

 

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NanoIron(III) Oxide (Fe2O3) for Functional Color Coatings

itself is a common inorganic pigment (iron red color), and its color properties become even more superior after nanoscale processing.

 

Mechanism of action:

High tinting and covering power: Nanoparticles possess a larger specific surface area and higher surface activity, resulting in significantly superior tinting and covering power compared to micron-sized pigments, requiring less usage for better performance.

Transparent Coloring: By controlling particle size and distribution, transparent iron oxide pigments can be produced, suitable for applications such as metal-flake paint and wood varnish. These pigments not only reveal the texture or metallic luster of the substrate but also impart rich colors.

Color stability: Inorganic pigments inherently possess excellent resistance to heat, light, and chemicals, ensuring long-lasting and unchanging color.

 

Typical Application Case:

High-end automotive metallic paint/mica paint: Utilizing transparent nano-iron oxide red, combined with aluminum powder or mica pearlescent powder, to create a multi-layered and deep color effect.

Outdoor High-Performance Color Steel Plate Coating: Long-lasting vibrant colors with strong weather resistance.

Artistic coatings and cultural heritage preservation coatings: Utilizing their stable colors and chemical inertness.

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Hollow silicon nano powder

Hollow nano silicon(Si) powder is a nanomaterial with unique structures and excellent properties, their hollow structures endow them with many special properties that are different from ordinary solid silicon powders.

Performance features of nano hollow Si particles:
1. Low density: Due to its hollow internal structure, the density of nano hollow silicon powder is significantly lower than that of solid Si powders, which makes it have important application value in fields where weight reduction is required, such as the preparation of lightweight materials in the aerospace field.
2. High SSA: The nano scale particle size and hollow structure endow it with a large specific surface area, which can provide more active sites and enable it to exhibit excellent performance in catalysis, adsorption and etc..
3.Good chemical stability: Silicon itself has good chemical stability, and nano hollow silicon particle also inherits this characteristic to a certain extent. It can remain stable in relatively harsh chemical environments and is less likely to undergo chemical reactions with other substances.

4. Unique optical properties: Its hollow structure has a special influence on the propagation and scattering of light, and may exhibit some unique optical properties, such as light scattering and absorption, which have potential application prospects in the fields of optical devices and sensors.

Currenly hollow Si powder is mainly used in the fields of:

1.Catalyst carrier: The high specific surface area and rich pore structure provide a large number of attachment sites for the catalyst, which can enhance the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. It is widely used in catalytic reactions in fields such as petrochemicals and environmental protection.

2. Anode material for lithium-ion batteries: Nano hollow silicon powder can effectively alleviate the volume expansion problem of silicon during charging and discharging, improve the cycle stability and charging and discharging performance of batteries, and is expected to become the anode material for the next generation of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.

3. Sustained drug release: It can serve as a drug carrier, encapsulating the drug within a hollow structure to achieve slow drug release, enhancing drug efficacy and reducing the frequency of administration.

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Nano-Fullerene C60 – Complete Profile

I. Key Performance Highlights

1. Electrical / Electronic
– 3-D conjugated π-system enables both n- and p-type conduction; forms high-quality heterojunctions with metals and semiconductors.
– Room-temperature electron mobility ≈ 10⁻¹ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹; rises further in 2-D ordered films—ideal for short-channel FETs and opto-switches.

2. Optical Activity
– UV-Vis absorption > 95 %; strong third-order non-linearity for optical limiters, laser protection and all-optical switches.

3. Mechanical
– Harder than diamond, 100 × tougher than steel, yet far lighter—perfect for light-weight, high-strength composites.

4. Anti-oxidation
– 172 × more efficient than vitamin C at scavenging free radicals; widely used in anti-ageing skin care.

II. Application Landscape

1. Electronics & Optoelectronics

– Organic photovoltaics: acceptor material delivering 6.5 % PCE.

– Photo-FETs: fractal C60 films on h-BN give high mobility and millisecond response for flexible imaging.

– Laser shielding: C60 and its metal complexes provide broadband (532–810 nm) optical limiting for aerospace windows and safety goggles.

2. Energy Storage & Catalysis

– High-Tc superconductors: alkali-intercalated C60, Tc up to 46 K.

– H₂ / Li storage: hollow cage hosts ions or H₂ molecules for high-energy batteries and hydrogen carriers.

– HER catalysis: C60–Ru/Mn heterojunctions yield low-over-potential, durable alkaline hydrogen evolution.

3. Lubrication & Wear Resistance

– 0.1–1 wt % C60 extends lubricant life 30 % and cuts friction ≥ 20 %—ideal for precision machinery and space systems.

4. Functional Polymers

– C60/C70-doped poly-N-vinylcarbazole creates high-sensitivity photoconductors for photocopying, laser printing and light detection.

5. Biomedicine

– Anti-ageing cosmetics: radical scavenging for whitening, post-operative repair and wrinkle reduction.

– Cancer theranostics: doxorubicin- or photosensitizer-loaded C60 derivatives combine PDT/chemotherapy to boost tumour suppression while lowering systemic toxicity.

III. Our Nano-Fullerene C60 Product Family
– Water-soluble fullerene
– Photovoltaic-grade fullerene
– Toluene-soluble fullerene
– Alcohol-soluble fullerene
– Nano-C60 dispersions

For detailed specifications, please contact us.

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Some common applications of nano cerium oxide materials

Nano ceria/cerium dioxide/CeO2/ceric oxide/Cerium(IV) oxide, is an inorganic compound that exists in the form of fine particles with dimensions typically ranging from 1 to 100nm. Cerium oxide nano material exhibits unique physical, chemical, and optical properties due to its nanoscale size, which differ significantly from those of bulk CeO2.

Some common applications of nano cerium oxide materials:
1.‌Fuel Cell Electrolyte‌: Nano ceria is utilized in fuel cells as an electrolyte, enhancing the efficiency and performance of these energy conversion devices.

2.UV Absorbent‌: Its ability to absorb UV radiation makes ceric oxide nanopowder an effective additive in sunscreens, cosmetics, and plastics to protect against UV damage.

3.‌Electronic Ceramics‌: Cerium oxide nano material used in the production of electronic ceramics used in various electronic devices to improve the density and smoothness of ceramic materials.

4. Polishing Material‌: In the manufacturing industry, cerium dioxide nano material serves as a high-performance polishing agent for optical components, semiconductors, and other precision surfaces, providing superior smoothness and finish.

5. Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier: Nano CeO2 is widely used as a catalyst or catalyst support in various chemical reactions due to its high surface area and excellent catalytic activity. It enhances the efficiency of processes like automotive exhaust treatment, where it helps in converting harmful pollutants into harmless compounds. In the field of environmental remediation, nano ceria can be used to remove pollutants from water and air, contributing to a cleaner and safer environment.

These applications highlight the versatility and importance of cerium dioxide nano material in various technological and industrial advancements.

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Silicon carbide-graphene composite structure heat dissipation material

With the increase in power density of semiconductor devices, “heat dissipation” has become the primary problem that hinders the performance and life of electronic devices. According to statistics, for every 10℃-15℃ increase in the temperature of electronic devices, their corresponding service life will be reduced by 50%. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop high-performance thermal interface materials for high-power density thermal management.

Recently, the functional carbon material team of the surface division of the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and its collaborators prepared a high-performance thermal interface material based on graphene paper. The preparation process of this material is as follows: first, nano-silicon dioxide particles (SiO2 NPs) are modified on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in a weak alkaline environment; then, the obtained GO/SiO2 NPs are mixed with graphene powder, and a composite graphene film is prepared by filtration to achieve uniform distribution of nanoscale silicon source (SiO2 NPs) between graphene layers; finally, the composite graphene film is subjected to rapid heat treatment to in-situ convert the silicon source into silicon carbide nanowires to obtain graphene hybrid paper (GHP) with a silicon carbide-graphene composite structure.

Because the silicon carbide nanowires connected between graphene layers form a longitudinal heat conduction path, the longitudinal thermal conductivity of GHP (10.9W/mK) is 60% higher than that of graphene paper (GP, 6.8W/mK). In addition, under a compressive stress of 75psi, the longitudinal thermal conductivity of GHP in the compressed state is further increased to 17.6W/mK, which is higher than traditional graphene paper and most commercial thermal interface materials, including thermal conductive silicone pads, thermal conductive silicone grease and thermal conductive gel.

In the actual thermal interface performance evaluation experiment, the temperature drop of the system with GHP as the thermal interface material is as high as 18.3℃, which is more than twice the temperature drop of commercial thermal interface materials (8.9℃), and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved by 27.3%. The simulation software simulates the heat dissipation process, and the results show that GHP not only has a higher longitudinal thermal conductivity, but also has a lower contact thermal resistance than the mainstream commercial thermal pad. In addition, compared with silicone-based commercial thermal interface materials, GHP is completely composed of inorganic silicon carbide and graphene, and has better thermal stability and environmental adaptability. The relevant work has been published in ACS Nano (2019, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07337).